The Institut du Québec (IQ) in Canada has released a report on June 4th, suggesting temporarily raising the number of permanent residents Quebec accepts each year to 90,000.
The goal is to help fill job shortages and reduce the province’s dependence on about 600,000 temporary residents.
According to Immigration News Canada (INC), the IQ’s proposal addresses the growing pressure that temporary residents place on public services, housing, and long-term integration systems. This means there are concerns that the high number of temporary residents puts too much strain on things like healthcare, housing, and programs that help people settle and adjust to life in Quebec.
The IQ believes that bringing in more permanent residents instead of relying so much on temporary ones would help create a more stable economy and society. Permanent residents are more likely to stay long term, use services more predictably, and become part of the community.
Impact on Temporary Residents and Immigration System
The IQ report outlines how the reliance on temporary residents, including international students, temporary workers, and asylum seekers, has led to systemic challenges. These individuals often face uncertainty and limited access to services while playing a key role in the labour market.
“Temporary residents, while vital for filling immediate labour gaps, often face uncertainty about their future in Quebec,” the IQ notes.
By contrast, permanent residents are likelier to settle in the province, invest in communities, and participate in French language integration.
The IQ’s proposal includes prioritizing temporary residents already in Quebec—particularly international students and skilled workers—for permanent residency pathways.
Three Immigration Scenarios Proposed by the Quebec Government
On the same day as the IQ report, the Quebec government presented three potential targets for permanent resident admissions: 35,000, 45,000, and 60,000 annually. However, officials have indicated they are unlikely to support an intake higher than 45,000 annually.
The IQ’s suggested figure of 90,000 represents a temporary adjustment. Under the proposal, Quebec would gradually scale back to an annual target of 60,000 once its integration and settlement systems adapt and stabilise.
The report notes that such an increase would focus on individuals already in the province, reducing the backlog of applicants and easing administrative delays.
Balancing Temporary and Permanent Immigration
Reports cite that the IQ is aware of the essential role of temporary residents in sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and technology. However, the report warns that relying heavily on temporary admissions without increasing permanent resident capacity could worsen existing issues, including limited housing availability and strain on healthcare services.
The IQ argues that a better balance can be achieved by transitioning more temporary residents into permanent roles, especially those already integrated into Quebec’s workforce and society.
The strategy also promotes continuity, as many international students and skilled workers already know Quebec’s culture and language.
Potential Implications Across Canada
Quebec’s approach may also influence other provinces that are experiencing rising numbers of temporary residents. Ontario and British Columbia, for example, reported housing and public service pressures linked to temporary migration.
While the federal government continues to manage immigration policy nationally, Quebec exercises more autonomy in setting its targets and criteria, making it a testing ground for immigration reform.
Looking Ahead: Execution and Challenges
The IQ’s proposal is not binding and depends on the provincial government’s willingness to adjust current immigration targets. The plan will require additional resources for processing, integration programs, and language training.
The strategy’s success also hinges on public support and cooperation between federal and provincial authorities. As the province debates its next steps, the IQ and government officials agree that maintaining a balance between economic needs and integration capacity is essential.
Quebec’s response to this recommendation will not only shape its own immigration system but could influence how Canada addresses similar national challenges.
